1. Mixing 11-speed and 12-speed cassettes
The classic mistake. Shimano 12-speed cassettes require a Micro Spline freehub body, incompatible with standard HG.
The rule: always check freehub body / cassette compatibility.
2. Wrong bottom bracket standard
BSA, Press-Fit BB92, BB86, T47... A Shimano crankset can fit multiple standards, but not with the same bottom bracket.
The rule: identify the frame standard BEFORE ordering.
3. Rear derailleur cage length
A GS (medium cage) derailleur doesn't handle the same range as an SGS (long cage).
The rule: check the total capacity of the derailleur.




